Negative space involves large areas of emptiness that direct attention to the focal point of an image, creating a sense of simplicity and depth. This technique can add balance to a composition, enhance its mood, and simplify otherwise cluttered scenes. It’s especially effective in high-contrast environments where shadows and light can be used to sculpt the frame.
Coming to you from Rupert Vandervell of New Ways of Seeing, this thoughtful video explores how to work with negative space for impactful street photography (though the techniques apply in many genres). Vandervell begins by explaining how this approach minimizes distractions and allows the main subject, or positive space, to stand out. He often references the work of photographer Bill Brandt, who used negative space extensively in both portraits and landscapes. Brandt’s compositions illustrate how large, shadowed areas can bring harmony to an image, drawing the viewer's eye directly to the subject. Vandervell’s own style is inspired by this approach, as he uses shadows to create dynamic compositions with a modern, minimalist feel.
Vandervell explains that for the best results, negative space photos should be crisp and detailed. He suggests using a small aperture for greater depth of field, ensuring sharpness across the entire frame. In one example, he captures a figure walking through an arch of light cast by a railing, highlighting the person’s silhouette while the surrounding shadows create depth. This sharpness amplifies the effect, as it allows even subtle details, like textures and patterns, to add to the composition without distracting from the main subject. Achieving this balance requires thought, as too much empty space can overpower the subject, while too little can leave the image feeling crowded.
Beyond shadows and walls, Vandervell notes that negative space can be created using natural or architectural elements. Bright, contrasting lighting conditions are ideal for these shots, as they allow for clear differentiation between light and dark areas. Vandervell also demonstrates how this technique can work at night by framing subjects against dark backgrounds. By isolating subjects within an open space, you create breathing room that focuses attention and gives the image a striking simplicity. Check out the video above for the full rundown from Vandervell.
