Historical Photography

Photography has a rich and complicated history — full of iconic images, pioneering figures, forgotten archives, and equipment that shaped how we see the world. This section digs into that history, from the earliest daguerreotypes to the defining photojournalism of the 20th century, exploring how the medium evolved and what we can still learn from it today.

The Rise and Fall of the Mall Portrait Studio

On April 3, 2013, one company turned off the lights in more than 2,000 portrait studios in a single day. CPI Corp. ran the Sears Portrait Studios and the PictureMe studios tucked inside Walmart, and when it collapsed it took the mottled blue backdrop, the laser-beam background, and the sheet of wallet-size prints down with it.

Kodak Detected the First Atomic Bomb Test Because Its Film Kept Fogging

A batch of packaging board made at a mill on the Wabash River on August 6, 1945 came out radioactive, and the X-ray film stacked against it fogged after roughly two weeks in the box. A physicist at Eastman Kodak worked backward from those spots to a bomb test about 1,000 miles away in the New Mexico desert. He then sat on the finding for four years before publishing it.

 

Are These Never-Before-Seen Photos of Bonnie and Clyde?

An old photo album pulled from a garage contains a snapshot with Clyde Barrow's and Bonnie Parker's names handwritten on it, and the man who found it believes several of its pictures show the outlaw couple in scenes that have never been published. 

 

The Full Story of 'Migrant Mother' and the Woman Who Hated It

The most famous face of the Great Depression belonged to a woman who wished the picture had never been taken. Florence Owens Thompson sat for Dorothea Lange for about ten minutes in a California pea field in March 1936, said almost nothing, and never earned a cent from the portrait that turned her into a national symbol. For most of the next 47 years, she resented it.

 

Full Frame Is 24x36mm Because a Leitz Engineer Doubled a Movie Frame in 1913

The short side of a full frame sensor is a silent-movie measurement. Cinema's full aperture ran about 24.89mm across the strip, from one row of perforations to the other, and when Oskar Barnack turned that film on its side in a workshop at Ernst Leitz in Wetzlar, that number became the height of a still photograph.

How the First Photograph of a Snowflake Took a Vermont Farmer 46 Years

Wilson Alwyn Bentley made the first photograph of a single snow crystal on January 15, 1885, in an unheated shed behind his family's farmhouse in Jericho, Vermont. He was nineteen, a few weeks short of his twentieth birthday, working a bellows camera bolted to a microscope on a frame he had built himself.

Eight Legendary Darkroom Tools Most Photographers Under 40 Have Never Seen

Making a single black-and-white print used to take a locked room, a red bulb, and roughly eight specialized tools that have almost no equivalent on a modern desk. If you started shooting after the smartphone, there is a good chance you have never touched any of them, or seen them work.

The Famous World War I Armistice Recording Is Actually a Photograph Made on 35mm Stock

At 11 a.m. on November 11, 1918, an American crew near the Moselle River was pulling a strip of light-sensitive material past a beam of light while a tuning fork laid a hundred timing marks a second along its edge. What came off that machine is a photograph of a front going quiet, and the birdsong you hear over it on social media could never have reached it.

 

This Incredible 'Lunch Atop a Skyscraper' Bobblehead Puts All 11 Ironworkers on a Beam, Limited to 1,932 Pieces

The National Bobblehead Hall of Fame and Museum has unveiled the first bobblehead version of "Lunch atop a Skyscraper," the 1932 photograph of 11 ironworkers eating lunch on a girder 850 feet over Manhattan, in the week of the picture's 94th anniversary. All 11 men have bobbing heads, the scene is 13 inches long, and the run is limited to 1,932 numbered pieces at $100 each.

 

Seven Controls on Your Mirrorless Camera Still Shaped by Cameras That Loaded Film

The 1/125 on your shutter dial is a rounding error that stuck. The scale it sits on halves at every step, which puts that rung at 1/128, and 1/128 is an ugly number to stamp into metal. Your camera is full of settings like that: numbers and buttons whose shape was fixed by brass, gears, and gelatin, and that crossed into digital without anyone stopping to re-derive them.

 

The Undeveloped Film Market: The People Who Buy Strangers' Mystery Rolls at Estate Sales

In late 2014, a lot of 31 undeveloped film rolls that had turned up at an auction in Ohio made its way to a photographer in Boise, Idaho named Levi Bettwieser, who started processing them one at a time. What rose up in the developer was a young American soldier's private record of World War II, shot on rolls that had sat exposed but unprocessed for roughly 70 years.

The First Full Frame DSLR Was a $7,000 Flop Almost Nobody Owns

The first full frame DSLR ever made didn't come from Canon, Nikon, or Sony. It came from Contax, a nearly century-old brand tied to Zeiss glass, and the camera that earned that title may also be the one that ended the company for good.

 

Why We Smile in Photos: The Surprisingly Recent History of Saying 'Cheese'

By the early 1840s, a daguerreotype portrait no longer took a quarter of an hour. Faster plates and brighter lenses had cut a studio sitting to under a minute, short enough to hold a pleasant face without much strain. Yet for the next 60 years, almost nobody in front of a camera smiled.

 

How Photographs Helped Create Yellowstone, the World's First National Park

The 1872 law that created Yellowstone runs only a few hundred words and never mentions a photograph. By the time President Ulysses S. Grant signed it on March 1, prints of the region and a painter's field watercolors had reached Washington and were being used to sell the idea. The pictures entered the campaign before the vote, then left almost no trace in the formal legislative record.

Autofocus Turns 50 in 2027, and the Camera That Started It Was a Konica

Japan observes a Camera Day on November 30, and the date comes from 1977, when Konishiroku Photo Industry put the Konica C35 AF on sale. It was the first mass-produced camera that focused itself, and the part doing the focusing was built by a Minneapolis company whose main businesses were thermostats, industrial controls, and defense electronics.

Joseph Petzval Calculated the First Fast Portrait Lens in 1840 and Watched Someone Else Get Rich

By May 1840, a mathematics professor in Vienna had finished a lens before a single piece of glass had been ground for it. Petzval worked the design out on paper, with a squad of army computers grinding through the arithmetic under his direction, and the result gathered roughly 20 times more light than the lens sitting on the front of a typical daguerreotype camera.

10 Technologies Photographers Inherited From the Military

The zoom ring on a modern 70-200mm traces back to a viewfinder accessory the US Army Signal Corps clipped onto its 35mm combat movie cameras. Frank Back, the Austrian-born engineer who designed it, spent the war improving cameras and lenses for the Signal Corps and then turned the same optical trick into the first zoom lens that caught on.

The First Photo Ever Transmitted by Wire, and the Machine That Sent It

In October 1906, a portrait of the German Crown Prince left Munich as nothing more than a flickering electric current, fought through roughly 1,800 kilometers' worth of telegraph line, and emerged at the far end as a photograph you could actually recognize. No train carried it. No courier, no envelope, no darkroom on the far end printing from a shipped negative.

We Examined 90 Years of Camera Ads. High-End Gear Was Never Cheap.

Photographers have a myth, and like most good myths it gets told with real feeling, usually in a comment section, usually in all caps somewhere near the end. Cameras used to be affordable. Real cameras, made by people who cared, sold at honest prices to working photographers who did not have to remortgage anything.

The Story of The Earliest Known Surviving Photo of a Person

Look at the picture and you see an empty Paris street. Wide sidewalks, a row of trees, tall buildings, and almost no sign of life on what should have been a busy morning. Then your eye catches it: down in the lower left corner, one small figure stands with a foot up on a shoeshine box, and a second figure crouches at his feet.

Inside Europe's Largest Camera Vault: 50,000 Lenses and One Holy Grail

Fifty thousand vintage cameras and lenses sit inside a Finnish warehouse, and most of them arrived broken. A collection that size raises a simple question: how do you find anything worth shooting with, and does the vault actually hold the one lens you have been chasing for years?

 

The Five Most Beautiful Cameras Ever Made, and What Made Their Designs Immortal

The most beautiful cameras ever made were not styled to be beautiful. They were built to work, and the beauty is what happened when the engineers refused to hide how the machine did its job. They still sit under glass in collections not because they out-resolve a modern mirrorless body, but because you cannot stop looking at them. 

The First Aerial Photograph Was Taken From a Balloon in 1858

In 1858, a French balloonist who called himself Nadar leaned over the edge of a wicker basket tethered above the village of Petit-Bicêtre, just outside Paris, and made the first photograph ever taken from the air. You cannot see it. That plate, and every other aerial photograph Nadar made in those first years, is gone. 

The Anti-Blade Runner: How Luc Besson Built a Bright Future

Most science fiction hides its world in shadow and grime, but The Fifth Element did the opposite and turned the lights on. That single decision, made by director Luc Besson, shaped a bright, colorful, chaotic future that still holds up decades after release.

 

APS: The Forgotten Film Format War of the 1990s

In February 1996, five of the biggest names in photography, companies that spent the rest of the century trying to bury each other, walked onto one stage in Las Vegas and formally launched a film format they had built together in secret. The five of them had already sunk around $500 million into it between them and expected to spend roughly that much again.

How the Polaroid SX-70 Became the Most Beautiful Camera Ever Made

In April 1972, at Polaroid's annual meeting, Edwin H. Land reached into his jacket, pulled out a camera folded flat enough to hide in a suit pocket, and in about ten seconds fired off five color photographs. There was no timer to watch, no negative to peel away, no wet chemistry to wipe off your fingers.

The Photograph That Proved Einstein Right: The 1919 Eclipse Plates

For about five minutes on May 29, 1919, the Moon blotted out the Sun over an island in the Gulf of Guinea and a hard-baked plain in northern Brazil, and two teams of astronomers pointed their cameras at a patch of sky no one could normally see. They were not photographing the eclipse for its beauty. They were trying to measure whether a handful of stars had moved. 

The Camera That Refused to Change for Seven Decades

The Leica M has stayed in production for over 70 years, and the rangefinder inside a 2026 model works almost exactly like the one Leica shipped in 1954. That kind of stubbornness runs against every other camera company, all of which abandoned the rangefinder for SLRs, then mirrorless.

 

Fifty Cameras in the Dark: How the First Atomic Bomb Was Photographed

At 5:29:45 in the morning on July 16, 1945, in a stretch of New Mexico desert the Spanish called the Jornada del Muerto, the sky turned brighter than the noon sun. Aimed at that flash, tucked into steel-and-lead bunkers and buried instrument boxes ringing a 100-foot tower, sat roughly fifty cameras.

The First Photograph of a U.S. President Is a Contested Honor

In October 2017, a silver plate about the size of a paperback sold at Sotheby's in New York for $360,500. It is the earliest surviving photograph of anyone who has ever been President of the United States, and the man staring out of it had been out of the office for fourteen years by the time the lens cap came off.

How NASA Blindly Aimed a Camera From Billions of Miles Away

Imagine trying to photograph a moon the size of a fist while flying past it at 45,000 miles per hour, using a camera you cannot see through, cannot focus by hand, and cannot even talk to in real time. Every instruction you send takes hours to arrive. By the time you learn whether a shot worked, the target is long gone, and there is no second pass.

'Lunch Atop a Skyscraper': Unraveling Photography's Most Famous Mystery

Eleven men sit shoulder to shoulder on a steel beam, more than 800 feet above Manhattan, eating sandwiches and lighting cigarettes as if the drop beneath their boots were nothing more than a curb. There is no safety line, no net, no visible fear. It is one of the most reproduced images of the twentieth century, and almost everything the average person assumes about it is wrong. 

Murder, Movies, and Horses: The Strange Life of the Man Who Made Photographs Move

On June 19, 1878, a thoroughbred named Sallie Gardner ran down a track in Palo Alto and broke twelve threads stretched across her path with her chest. Each thread fired a camera. When the plates came out of the darkroom, they answered a question that painters, sculptors, and horsemen had argued about for centuries.

 

How an Unplanned Photo Became Legendary: 'Earthrise' Was Almost Never Taken

The most influential environmental photograph ever taken was not on anyone's shot list. It happened because a rolling spacecraft swung a blue planet into view over a gray horizon, and Bill Anders had about a minute to find color film before the moment was gone. When he first raised the camera, his commander told him to stop.

 

How the Canon AE-1 Turned Photography Into a Mass-Market Hobby

Sometime in 1977, a 35mm single-lens reflex interrupted your evening television. A Japanese company had bought national network airtime to sell it, which almost no camera maker had seriously tried, and the pitch was not about sharpness or lens quality. It was that the thing was easy.

 

The Photographer Who Never Secured a Way Home: The Death of Carl McCunn

In March 1981, an amateur wildlife photographer named Carl McCunn arranged to be flown deep into the Alaskan bush to spend the summer alone with his cameras. He brought 500 rolls of film, 1,400 pounds of provisions, two rifles, and a shotgun. He never secured a dependable way to get back out, and that failure turned out to be one of several.

Before Cartier-Bresson, There Was André Kertész

Long before many of the photographers we now refer to as masters of the art of photography, André Kertész was quietly changing what photography could be. Born in Hungary in 1894, Kertész wasn't chasing the spectacle or the drama.

The Decisive Moment Is 74 Years Old. Does It Still Apply?

In 1952, Henri Cartier-Bresson published "Images à la Sauvette," a collection of 126 photographs with a cover designed by Henri Matisse. The American edition, published the same year by Simon and Schuster, was titled "The Decisive Moment," and that phrase entered photography's vocabulary so completely that it has shaped how photographers think about their medium ever since. 

Everyone Assumes the First Weather Satellites Used Film. The Real Story Is Far Stranger.

When Hurricane Camille filled the Gulf of Mexico in August 1969, satellites watched it the entire way in. The storm came ashore on the Mississippi coast as a Category 5 with sustained winds of 175 mph and a storm surge of more than 24 feet, and it killed more than 250 people. It would have killed many more if forecasters had not seen it coming from space.

Why Family Photographs Matter More Than Ever

Photography has always occupied a curious position. It can be art, journalism, testimony, or obsession. But before any of that, it is memory made visible. And nowhere does that become more apparent than in the family photograph. 

How Expensive Has It Become to Be a Photographer These Days?

At a thrift shop the other day, I found a couple of relics. No, these weren't the usual camera finds, but rather 16-year-old photography magazines, specifically the now-shuttered Shutterbug and the still-active Professional Photographer. It got me thinking: How expensive has it become to be a photographer these days? 

What Is Truth in a Post-Photography World?

In March 2026, the National Republican Senatorial Committee released an online ad featuring a minute-long video of Democratic Senate candidate James Talarico speaking into the camera, reading statements the real Talarico had not spoken on camera. The Talarico in the video was generated entirely by artificial intelligence, voicing content drawn from the candidate's old social media posts.